Central Dogma
The image to the left is a process called central dogma. It is the process of DNA to RNA into a protein. Now that you have a basic understanding for the structure of DNA, this will be a little easier to understand. There are two different strands of DNA. One of the strands is then replicated. After the DNA is replicated, that strand is then transcribed into mRNA. This mRNA includes nitrogenous bases of Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine, and Uracil (U). Uracil takes the place of Thymine in mRNA, therefore Adenine is now paired with Uracil. The mRNA then leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the mRNA is translated in the ribosomes into an amino acid. This amino acid continues into a chain of amino acids called a polypeptide chain. The chain continues on until it runs into a set of codons which decode to say STOP. After the polypeptide chain has been stopped, that is your protein. You can determine your amino acid by your mRNA codon. A codon is a group of 3 nucleotides of mRNA. Your mRNA codon can be decoded by a chart called a codon chart. This chart then gives you your amino acid.
Source: 2009 Pearson Education Inc.
The image to the left is a process called central dogma. It is the process of DNA to RNA into a protein. Now that you have a basic understanding for the structure of DNA, this will be a little easier to understand. There are two different strands of DNA. One of the strands is then replicated. After the DNA is replicated, that strand is then transcribed into mRNA. This mRNA includes nitrogenous bases of Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine, and Uracil (U). Uracil takes the place of Thymine in mRNA, therefore Adenine is now paired with Uracil. The mRNA then leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the mRNA is translated in the ribosomes into an amino acid. This amino acid continues into a chain of amino acids called a polypeptide chain. The chain continues on until it runs into a set of codons which decode to say STOP. After the polypeptide chain has been stopped, that is your protein. You can determine your amino acid by your mRNA codon. A codon is a group of 3 nucleotides of mRNA. Your mRNA codon can be decoded by a chart called a codon chart. This chart then gives you your amino acid.
Source: 2009 Pearson Education Inc.